Which type of fixture is typically equipped with bottom shielding such as a louver or diffuser when mounted above eye level?

The type of fixture that is typically equipped with bottom shielding, like a louver or diffuser, when mounted above eye level is downlights. This design is specifically intended to reduce glare and direct the light in a way that is pleasant to the eye. Downlights are often recessed into ceilings and provide a clean, unobtrusive light source while ensuring that the light is distributed evenly in the room without causing an overpowering brightness directly in line of sight.

In contrast, wall sconces are generally mounted on walls and can project light in various directions, but they do not typically feature the same shielding mechanisms designed for ceiling-mounted fixtures. Track lights are adjustable fixtures that can illuminate areas from a fixed track, while spotlights are focused lighting fixtures used to highlight specific objects or areas. Both track lights and spotlights do not regularly employ bottom shielding like downlights do, as their functions and designs cater more towards flexibility and directed illumination rather than widespread diffusion and glare reduction.